A STUDY ON RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

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Keywords: A STUDY ON RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

CHAPTER  ONE

• Introduction

1.1      Spectrum:  In this project work, spectrum refers to the radio frequency spectrum, and this can be defined as the entire spectrum of electromagnetic frequencies used for communication and broadcasting of radio, radar and television.  Radio frequency (RF) is the rate of oscillation around 3kHz to 3,000GHz which corresponds to the frequency of radio waves and the alternating current which carry radio signals (Wikipedia, 2014).

Cognitive radio is a better technique to fulfill the utilization of radio frequency spectrum. Both licensed and unlicensed users can use the frequency spectrum using cognitive radio technique.  License users are the primary users while the unlicensed users are the secondary users.  Secondary users request the primary users for some amount of spectrum.  Primary users allocate the spectrum to the secondary users by itself without degrading its own performance using spectrum sharing techniques, (Varaka, et al. 2013).

Spectrum sharing is to distribute the spectrum among the secondary users according to the usage cost, (Varaka, et al. 2013). Spectrum sharing cognitive radio network allow cognitive radio users to share the spectrum bands of the licensed –band users. However the cognitive radio users have to restrict their transmit power so that the interference caused to the licensed-band users is kept below a certain threshold, (Haykin, 2005).

1.2       Problem Statement

According to the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) more than 70% of the available spectrum is not utilized optimally.

This project work is to find solution to the problem of increasing demand for spectrum allocation on an already scarce spectrum and to find efficient techniques that are needed to make use of the unused portions of the radio frequency spectrum without causing harmful interference on the other spectrum users.

1.3      Aim and Objectives

This project work aims at achieving the best way in which radio frequency spectrum can be shared optimally without causing harmful interference between devices sharing the radio frequency spectrum.

The objectives of this project work would be to:

1. use Power control model by imposing interference power constraints for the primary user’s protection as a means of combating interference and impairment of wireless channels in wireless communication.
2. be able to use portion of radio frequency without necessarily paying the license fees.

1.4       Justification

Spectrum sharing study is able to evaluate the availability of radio frequency spectrum for improved spectrum usage and efficient spectrum management for the support of radio and television broadcasting, wireless communication using cognitive technology.

1.5       Methodology

In this project, a power control model shall be used to govern the transmission power of cognitive radio node in frequency domain.

Binary integer linear programming (BILP) shall be used to model interference constrains and power control in this project work.

Keywords: A STUDY ON RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

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Keywords: A STUDY ON RADIO FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

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