RESEARCH INFORMATION
✎: ACCESS TO INFORMATION BY PRIMIGRAVIDA ON MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
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Keywords: ACCESS TO INFORMATION BY PRIMIGRAVIDA ON MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Declaration ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Table of Contents vii
List of Appendices x
Abstract xi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Research Questions 5
1.4 Objectives of the Study 6
1.5 Significance of the Study 6
1.6 Scope of the Study 6
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms 7
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction 8
2.2 Concept of Maternal Health 8
2.3 Significance of Information on Maternal Health 11
2.3.1 Maternal Health Services 13
2.4 Types of Maternal Information Services 29
2.5 Awareness of Information on Maternal Health 30
2.6 Sources on Maternal Health Information 33
viii
2.7 Access to Information on Maternal Health 39
2.8 Barriers to Information on Maternal Health 42
2.9 Summary of the Review 45
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 46
3.2 Research Method Adopted 46
3.2.1 Research Design 46
3.3 Population of the Study 47
3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques 48
3.5 Instrument for Data Collection 49
3.6 Procedure for Data Collection 50
3.7 Procedure for Data Analysis 50
3.8 Rigor in quality research 52
3.8.1 Trustworthiness of the Study 52
3.8.2 Credibility 52
3.8.3 Member checking 52
3.8.4 Transferability 53
3.8.5 Dependability 53
3.8.6 Confirmability 53
3.8.7 Ethical Considerations 53
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
4.1 Introduction 54
4.2 Interview Analysis 54
4.3 Description of Interview Participants 55
ix
4.4 Description of the Emergent Categories. 55
4.4.1 Experiences of Primigravida in Fatima Village on Access to Information
on Maternal Health Services 55
4.4.2 Sources of Information on Maternal Health Services Available to
Primigravida in Fatima 59
4.4.3 Access and Use of Information on Maternal Health Services by
Primigravida in Fatima 61
4.4.4 Barriers to Access to Maternal Health Services Against Primigravida in
Fatima 67
4.5 Implication of Findings 70
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction 74
5.2 Summary of the Study 74
5.3 Summary of the Major Findings 75
5.4 Contributions to Knowledge 75
5.5 Conclusion 76
5.6 Recommendations 77
References 78
Appendices 86
ABSTRACT
This study investigated access to information by primigravida on maternal health services in Fatima Village in Zaria Local Government Area of Kaduna State. The problem identified by the researcher is the under utilization of maternal healthcare services when there is a high rate of maternal mortality in Nigeria especially in the rural areas of northern Nigeria, hence the interest in Fatima village. The researcher focused on primigravida (first time pregnant women or women that delivered their first babies are less than forty two days). The aim of the study is to determine access to information on maternal healthcare services by these women. The objectives of this study are to identify the type of maternal healthcare services primigravida in Fatima village know about, to ascertain the sources of information on maternal health accessed by primigravida in Fatima village, to find out how primigravida in Fatima village accessed information on maternal health service, to find out the experiences of primigravida in Fatima villageand to identify barriers to access to maternal health services to primigravida in Fatima village in Zaria Local Government Area of Kaduna State. The research answered four questions:1. What are the experiences of primigravida in Fatima village on access to information on maternal health? 2. What maternal health services do primigravida in Fatima village know about? 3. What are the sources of information on maternal health services available to primigravida in Fatima village? 4. What are the barriers to primigravida in Fatima village to access to maternal health services? The methodology used for the research is hermeneutics (phenomenology) which investigated direct conscious experiences of phenomena as free as possible without theories, preconceptions and presuppositions. The population of the study is all reproductive women in Fatima village. Snowball sampling technique was used to find and recruit ten (10) primigravidas willing to participate in the study in their natural settings. The instruments for data collection were in-depth interview. An iterative analysis method was employed for coding the narratives which was manually done. This produced sixteen (16) categories, thirty- eight (38) sub-categories and ninety-three (93) open codes from the analysis. The study found out that primigravidas had challenges like irregular menstruation, spotting, cravings, altered sense of smell, morning sickness and frequent urination. Primigravida accessed information on maternal health services through informal sources which are their social networks and believed maternal health service are services accessed when there is complication in delivery. They rely on traditional birth attendants (TBAs) to deliver their babies and believed that maternal health services are for the elite. Sources of information on maternal health service they prefer are their social network and it is the only source they have access to. A major barrier to access to information on maternal health service that this study revealed is that primigravida do not know the benefits of maternal health services. The study recommended the use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools and posters by the ministry of health to disseminate information on the benefits of maternal health services to primigravidas in the rural areas.
1
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
One of the characteristics of human beings is reproduction. In the process of
reproduction, young ones are either reproduced successfully or not. Women who do not
successfully give birth to babies, in many instances, end up having diseases (morbidity)
due to massive bleeding which results to anemia (lack of quality or quantity of blood)
while some end up in death (mortality). Morbidity, according to Merriam Webster
Dictionary is a complication, a diseased state or symptom. Maternal mortality is defined
by the World Health Organization (2012) as the death of women while pregnant or within
forty-two (42) days of termination of pregnancy irrespective of the duration and site of
the pregnancy from any cause related to, or aggravated by the pregnancy or its
management but not from accidental or incidental causes. The maternal mortality rate
(MMR) is the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause
related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management (excluding accidental or
incidental causes) during pregnancy and childbirth or within 42 days of termination of
pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy (World Fact Book
2010).
Keywords: ACCESS TO INFORMATION BY PRIMIGRAVIDA ON MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
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Keywords: ACCESS TO INFORMATION BY PRIMIGRAVIDA ON MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES
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