This study, “ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME TRACE ELEMENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH PROTEIN- ENERGY MALNUTRITION” contains concise information that will serve as a framework or guide for your project work. The project study is well-researched for academic purposes and are usually provided in complete chapters with adequate References. Keywords: ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME TRACE ELEMENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH PROTEIN- ENERGY MALNUTRITION
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Statement of the Research Problem 1.3 Justification for the Study 1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Prevalence of PEM 2.2 Assessment of Nutritional Status 2.2.1 Clinical assessment 2.2.2 Anthropometric assessment 2.2.3 Dietary intake assessment 2.2.4 Biochemical assessment 2.3 Classification of PEM 2.3.1 Marasmus 2.3.2 Kwashiorkor 2.3.3 Marasmic-kwashiorkor 2.4 Complications of PEM 2.4.1 Infection 2.4.2 Diarrhoea and dehydration 2.4.3 Heart failure 2.4.4 Hypothermia 2.5 Prevention and Treatment of PEM 2.6 Free Radicals 2.7 Antioxidants 2.7.1 The need for antioxidants defense 2.7.2 Mechanisms of antioxidant functions 2.7.3 Enzymatic antioxidants and their cofactors 2.7.4 Cofactors 2.7.5 Non-enzymatic antioxidants 2.7.6 Oxidative stress 2.8 Roles of Trace Elements in Nutrition CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 Materials 3.1.1 Study location 3.1.2 Study population 3.1.3 Inclusion criteria for patients 3.1.4 Inclusion criteria for control 3.1.5 Exclusion criteria 3.16 Informed consent 3.1.7 Ethical approval 3.1.8 Sample size determination 3.1.9 Sampling techniques 3.1.10 Blood sample collection 3.1.11 Chemicals 3.1.12 Equipment 3.2 Methods 3.2.1 Questionnaire 3.2.2 Measurement of Biochemical Parameters 3.2.2.1 Serum total protein 3.2.2.2 Serum albumin 3.2.2.3 Serum zinc and copper 3.2.2.4 Serum Superoxide Dismutase 3.2.2.5 Serum glutathione peroxidase 3.2.3 Statistical analysis CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS 4.1 Characteristics of Study Population 4.2 Feeding Characteristics of PEM Patients 4.3 Serum Biochemical Parameters in PEM Patients 4.4 Serum Total Protein and Albumin Levels in PEM Patients 4.5 Serum concentrations of some Trace Elements in PEM patients 4.6 Serum Levels of some Antioxidants Enzymes in PEM Patients 4.7 Pearson’s Correlation between some Trace Elements and Antioxidant Enzymes in PEM Patients CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION CHAPTER SIX: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Summary 6.2 Conclusion 6.3 Recommendations REFERENCES APPENDICES ABBREVIATIONS ABUTH Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital ANOVA Analysis of Variance BCG Bromocresolgreen Cu Copper GPx Glutathione Peroxidase GSH Reduced Glutathione GSSG Oxidized Glutathione ICH Institute of Child Health n Sample Size NADPH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (Reduced) NO Nitric Oxide NaOH Sodium Hydroxide O2.- Superoxide Radical OH Hydroxyl Radical p p- value PEM Protein-Energy Malnutrition R Coefficient of Correlation RNS Reactive Nitrogen Species ROS Reactive Oxygen Species SOD Superoxide Dismutase SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences Zn Zinc
Keywords: ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME TRACE ELEMENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH PROTEIN- ENERGY MALNUTRITION
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