BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) IN AGEING MEN ATTENDING CLINIC

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✎: BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) IN AGEING MEN ATTENDING CLINIC

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Keywords: BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) IN AGEING MEN ATTENDING CLINIC

 

RESEARCH BODY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1       Epidemiology

1.2       Prostate Anatomy

1.2.1    Functions of the prostate

1.2.2    Causes of prostate enlargement

1.2.3    Conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in the prostate

1.3       Complications of prostate enlargement

1.3.1    Effect of enlarged prostate on the bladder

1.3.2    Effect of enlarged prostate on sexual performance

1.4       Symptoms prostate enlargement

1.5       Diagnoses of BPH

1.5.1    Urinalysis

1.5.2    A urine culture

1.5.3    A prostate specific antigen (PSA) test

1.5.4    Uroflorometry

1.5.5    Pressure-flow urodynamic studies

1.5.6    Ultrasonography

1.5.7    Filling cystometry

1.5.8    Cystoscopy

1.6       Chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of BPH

1.6.1    Alpha-1-adrenergic receptor blockers

1.6.2    5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

1.6.3    Antimuscarinics

1.6.4    Phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitors

1.7       Surgical treatment of BPH

1.7.1    Dietary and lifestyle consideration

1.7.1.1 Eating vegetables

1.7.1.2 Weight loss

1.7.1.3 Exercise

1.7.2    Targeted nutritional interventions

1.7.3    Pygeum africanum

1.8       Biochemical markers associated with BPH

1.9       Biomarkers of prostate enlargement

1.9.1    Prostate specific antigen

1.9.2    Metallic prostatic antioxidants (Zinc and selenium)

1.9.3    Renal function test (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)

1.9.4    Minerals (Potassium, Iron, Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium)

1.10     Aim and Objectives of the Study

1.10.1  Specific Objectives of the Study

CHAPTER TWO: MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1       Materials

2.1.1    Sample collection

2.1.2    Chemicals and reagents

2.1.3    Equipment

2.2       Methods

2.2.1    Sample collection

2.2.2    Experimental design

2.2.3    Determination of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Level

2.2.4    Determination of calcium concentration

2.2.5    Determination of magnesium concentration

2.2.6    Determination of sodium concentration

2.2.7    Determination of potassium concentration

2.2.8    Determination of Iron concentration

2.2.9    Determination of selenium concentration

2.2.10  Determination of creatinine concentration

2.2.11  Determination of Blood Urea Nitrogen

2.2.12  Determination of zinc concentration

2.3       Statistical analysis

CHAPTER THREE: RESULTS

3.1       Prostate  specific  antigen  (PSA)  level  of  Normal  and  Benign  Prostatic  Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.2       Calcium concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.3       Blood urea nitrogen of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.4       Zinc concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.5       Sodium concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.6       Iron concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.7       Potassium concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.8       Magnesium concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.9       Selenium concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

3.10     Creatinine concentration of Normal and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia subjects attending clinic

CHAPTER FOUR: DISCUSSION

4.1       Discussion

4.2       Conclusion

4.3       Suggestions for further studies

References

Appendices

 

Keywords: BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) IN AGEING MEN ATTENDING CLINIC

 


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Keywords: BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (BPH) IN AGEING MEN ATTENDING CLINIC

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