This study, “CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE RELEVANCY AND ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE IN NIGERIA” contains concise information that will serve as a framework or guide for your project work. The project study is well-researched for academic purposes and are usually provided in complete chapters with adequate References. Keywords: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE RELEVANCY AND ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT In an attempt to address this fundamental issue regarding the admissibility of electronically generated evidence, recourse shall be paid had to the word evidence itself. Evidence is the means by which facts are proved excluding inferences and arguments. There are times in court when we desperately need to rely on evidence in order to prove a very vital point or issue in court. This point can be proved through the use of electronic generated documents which are believed to be in line with section 97 of the evidence act. Due to growth in technology, the use of electronic device such as computer printout, storage and communication system have risen sharply, especially in commercial and financial transactions in Nigeria and the world over which makes business communication greater in use. It would therefore be wrong for these electronic devices not to be accepted in court, if it has been valued and accepted all over the world. The thesis considers the problems posed to the admissibility of electronically generated evidence and the challenges bothering on authenticity, integrity, and confidentiality of the evidence and offers solutions to the problems or challenges that electronically generated evidence is facing. The essence of the foregoing is basically to give a detailed and sufficient analysis of the subject matter. As we know tendering and taking of evidence is inevitable in court proceedings and this thesis is set to focus on the electronically generated evidence; its importance and effect in our judicial system. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CASES TABLE OF STATUTES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.0.0: INTRODUCTION 1.1.0: BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY 1.2.0: OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.3.0: FOCUS OF THE STUDY 1.4.0: SCOPE OF THE STUDY 1.5.0: METHODOLOGY 1.6.0: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.7.0: CONCLUSION CHAPTER 2 DEFINITION OF EVIDENCE 2.0.0: INTRODUCTION 2.1.0: AN APPRAISAL OF WHAT IS EVIDENCE 2.2.0: CLASSIFICATION OF JUDICIAL EVIDENCE 2.3.0: RELEVANCY AND ADMISSIBILITY 2.3.1: WHAT IS A FACT 2.3.2: WHAT IS FACT IN ISSUE 2.3.3: RELEVANT FACT 2.4.0: DESCRIPTION OF AFFIDAVITS; AFFIDAVITS AND EXHIBITS 2.5.0: CONCLUSION CHAPTER 3 ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE; AN EXAMINATION. 3.0.0: INTRODUCTION 3.1.0: EVIDENTIAL STATUS OF ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE 3.2.0: ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE AND ITS ADMISSIBILITY 3.3.0: ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE ADMISSIBLE WHETHER AS PRIMARY OR SECONDARY EVIDENCE 3.4.0: COMPUTER GENERATED EVIDENCE 3.4.1: ADMISSIBILITY OF COMPUTER PRINTOUT AS EVIDENCE 3.4.2: EVIDENCE OF THINGS SEEN THROUGH TELESCOPE AND BINOCULARS 3.4.3: TAPES, MOVIES, TELEPHONE CONVERSATION, TELEFAX AND OTHER SOUND RECORDINGS AS EVIDENCE 3.4.4: HOW TO EXHIBIT ELETRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE AND WEIGHT ATTACHED TO IT 3.5.0: CONCLUSION CHAPTER 4 CHALLENGES POSED TO THE ADMISSIBILITY OF ELETRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE 4.0.0: INTRODUCTION 4.1.0: PROBLEMS AFFECTING THE ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE 4.1.1: WAY OUT OF THE CHALLENGES 4.2.0: CONCLUSION CHAPTER 5 GENERAL CONCLUSION. 5.0.0: CONCLUSION 5.1.0: RECOMMENDATIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLES IN JOURNAL ARTICLES ON THE INTERNET BOOKS TABLE OF CASES INDIA Chand v Mahabir Prasad air 1956 punj. 173 MAlkani v State of Maharashtra Air 1973 sc 157, 162 Pratap Singh v State of Punjab AIR 1963 Pun. 298, 317 Pratap Suigh v State of Punjab AIR 1964 sc. 72, 86 Rex v Maqsud Ali & Ashiq Hussain Air (1964) sc. 72. NIGERIA ACB v Gwagwada (1994) 4 SCNJ (pt.II) 268 p.277. Adeniyi v State (2001) FWLR pt 57, p. 809 Agunbiade v Sasegbon (1968) NMLR 223, 226. Akingbade v Elemosho. Unreported suit no. Fsc 353/62. Anyaebusi v R.T Briscoe Nigeria Ltd (1989 ) p.65 pt. 40 Chief Ogolo v IMB (Nig.) LFD (1998) 5 NWLR (pt. 419) 314 C.A Chieka v Olusoga (1997) & NWLR 497 p.390. ESSO W.A Incorporated v Oladiji (1968) NMLR 453 Garba v University of Maiduguri (1986) 1 NWER (pt. 18) 550 Habib Bank Ltd v Opomulero (2000) 15 NWLR (pt. 690), 315 Jimoh Ishola v State (1978) 9 & 10 SC 81, 104 John Bamigboye v A.G (W.N) 1966 NMLR, 266 Minister of Lands, Western Nigeria v Dr Nnamdi Azikwe & Ors (1969) 1 All NLR 4. Nuba Commerical Farmers LFD & anor v Nal Merchant Bank LTD & anor (2003) FWLR (pt. 145) 661. Prince Edward Eweka & ors. V Asonmwonriri Rawson (AKA Eweka) (2000) 10 WLR (pt 702) 723 C.A Salam, LAveal v The commissioner of Police (2001) NWLR 72. UNITED KINGDOM Bradford Corporation v Pickles (1895) A.C. 587 Carter v Roberts (1903) Ch.D 317 Foulkes v Chadd (1782) 3 Dong K.B 17. Grant & Ors v Southwestern and Country properties (1974)2 ALL. ER 455. Hollington v Hewthorn (1943) 1 K.B. 587 Khan v UK (2000) crim. LR 684 R v Khan (1997) AC. 558 R v silverluck (1894) 2 Q.B 766 R v smurthwaith (1994) 1 ALL E.R 898 R v Spill by (1991) crim. LR. 1999. Allen v Flood (1898) AC 1. UNITED STATE Addison v United States (A.S Tex) 317 f & d 808 D’ Aquoin v United States 323 U.S. 427 Lopez v United States 323 U.S. 427 Massachusetts Bonding & Insurance Co. v Norwich Pharmacal Co. 182 d (2 d Cir) People v Ketchel 59, Cal. 2d 503. United States v. Littwui (CA 6 Tex) 388 2d 141. TABLE OF STATUTES INDIA Indian Evidence Act, 1872. NIGERIA Arbitration (ordinance) Act 1914, Cap .13, LFN 2004. Arbitration and Conciliation Act Cap.A18 LFN 2004. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999, Cap. 4 LFN 2004. Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Act 2000, Cap. 31 LFN 2004. Economic and Financial Crime Commission Act 2002, Cap. E1 LFN 2004. Evidence Act 1945, Cap. 112, LFN 2004. Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act, 2000. Nigeria Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Act, 2000 Nigeria Arbitration and Conciliation Act, Cap. A18 2004. Practices of Arbitration in Nigeria 2006. Supreme Court Ordinance No. 11 of 1863. UNITED KINGDOM English Civil Evidence Act, 1968. Article 8, European Convention on Human Rights MODEL LAW UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, 1985. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AC Appeal Cases CA Court of Appeal Ch Chancery Division Ch.D Law Reports Chancery Division (Eng) Cal.2d California Reports, second series Edition Ed Edition EFCC Economic and Financial Crimes Commission E.R England Report FSCC Federal Supreme Court Cases (Nigeria) FWLR Federation Weekly Law Report ICSID International Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes IT Information Technology IULJ Igbinedion University Law Journal IMF International Monetary Fund JAL Journal of African Law JSE Justice of the Supreme Court K.B King’s Bench LFN Laws of the Federation of Nigeria Ltd Limited LWN Laws of Western Nigeria Nig. Nigeria
Keywords: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE RELEVANCY AND ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONICALLY GENERATED EVIDENCE IN NIGERIA
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